全國2006年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試

國際商務(wù)英語試題

課程代碼：05844

(請將答案填在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置上)

Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese（10%）

1.certificate of origin 產(chǎn)地證書

2.logistics物流

3.private carrier自有承運(yùn)人

4.idle funds游資

5.barter易貨、物物交換

6.balance of payment國際收支

7.grace period寬限期

8.patent專利

9.maturity到期

10.portfolio investment 證券投資

Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）

11.東道國host country．

12.從量稅specific duty

13.還盤counter offer

14.可轉(zhuǎn)讓裝運(yùn)單據(jù)negotiable transport document

15.補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易compensation trade 16.直接標(biāo)價(jià)direct quote

17.跟單匯票documentary draft

18.不可撤銷信用證irrevocable credit

19.資金周轉(zhuǎn)capital turnover

20.領(lǐng)事發(fā)票consular invoice

Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right （10%）

21.subrogate (d) a. one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries

from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the

country where they are manufactured

22.underwriter(e) b. company expansion through the purchase of other business

23.purchase contract (i) c. the act of government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in

units of gold or as compared with other currencies

24.invoice (f) d. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person

25.devaluation (C) e. a person who carries on insurance as a business

26.anti-dumping (a) f. a document for the general description of the goods and the price

27.acquisition (b) g. the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C

28.offeree (j) h. the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C

29.applicant of an L/C (g) i. a contract made by the buyer

30.confirming bank (h) j.the party to whom an offer is made

Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English（10%）

31.premium：the amount paid by all insured for coverage under the contract

32. Sight credit: a credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft

33.contract proper：the main body of a contract

34. Force majeure: social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party

35.Primary commodities：those commodities not processed，or only slightly processed，usually farm produce

or raw materials.

Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）

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36.Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference.

GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy．GDP means the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.The difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place．

37.What is the most favoured nation treatment? Is it a very special treatment? why?

It refers to a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating country．N0．It is not a very special treatment．It only gives a country the lowest tariffs within the tariffs schedule．

38.Can you summarize briefly the factors that have caused the changes in the transportation

industry?

The four factors are as follows：transportation deregulation，just-in-time inventory systems，competition based on high levels of customer service and globalization of business．

39.What does “foreign equities” refer to? Is it becoming an important part of securities

business?

Foreign equities refer to securities listed on overseas exchanges．Yes．

Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese（10%）

40.UNCTAD is the intergovernmental body within the UN system for comprehensive review of trade, development and other related issues. UNCTAD is designed to promote trade and economic development of all countries, particularly developing countries. Over the 40-plus years since its founding, UNCTAD has played an important role in fostering North-South dialogue and cooperation, promoting trade and economic development of the developing countries and assisting them in speeding up integration into the multilateral trading economy.

聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議是聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)內(nèi)政府間的機(jī)構(gòu)'．它的設(shè)立是為了全面回顧、發(fā)展貿(mào)易并進(jìn)行有關(guān)其他事項(xiàng)。貿(mào)發(fā)會議旨在促進(jìn)所有國家，尤其是發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。它自成立40多年來，在促進(jìn)南北對話和合作、促進(jìn)發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易進(jìn)步、幫助這些國家加快步伐融人多邊貿(mào)易體系上都起到了重要作用。

41.Allowing foreign banks to enter the Chinese market will exert a positive influence on domestic banks, making Chinese banks more competitive, introducing new technology and information and providing additional funds. But in the short and not-so-long term future after foreign banks enter the Chinese market, these banks will be able to use lower prices and efficient services, including such services as tele-banking, to win over a large number of customers from domestic banks, especially prized customers. This will result in a cut in the amount of funds in the hands of domestic banks. The toughest challenge the government will face will be to eliminate bad debts, implement cautious and standard risk management models, and tighten up bank administration so that domestic banks can adapt to international competition.

允許外國銀行進(jìn)入中國市場將對國內(nèi)銀行產(chǎn)生積極影響，使其更具有競爭力，引進(jìn)新技術(shù)新信息并提供更多資金。但是在短期和不太長的時(shí)期內(nèi)，外國銀行進(jìn)入中國市場將能利用低廉的價(jià)格和高效的服務(wù)，包括遠(yuǎn)程銀行

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服務(wù)，從國內(nèi)銀行拉走大量客戶，尤其是受重視的客戶。這將導(dǎo)致國內(nèi)銀行手中掌握的資金減少。政府面臨的最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)是消除壞帳，執(zhí)行謹(jǐn)慎、規(guī)范的經(jīng)營模式，加強(qiáng)對銀行的管理，以使國內(nèi)銀行能適應(yīng)國際競爭力。Ⅶ. Translate the following into English（30%）

42.比較利益并不是一個(gè)靜止的概念，一個(gè)國家可以通過自己的行動發(fā)展某種特定的比較利益。

Comparative Advantage is not a static concept. A country may develop particular comparative advantage through its own action.

43.經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)盟的成員國不僅要在稅收、政府開支、企業(yè)策略等方面保持一致，而且還應(yīng)該使用同一的貨幣。

The members of an economic .union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc., but also use the same currency.

44.除了國際貿(mào)易和投資，國際許可和特許經(jīng)營有時(shí)也是進(jìn)入國外市場的一種方式。

Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are some times taken as a means of entering a foreign market.

45.保險(xiǎn)是一種轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)制。通過保險(xiǎn)個(gè)人或企業(yè)可以將生活中的一些不確定因素轉(zhuǎn)移給其他人。

Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, by which the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life to the shoulders of others.

46.包裝需按運(yùn)輸?shù)囊筮M(jìn)行, 在大多數(shù)情況下，賣方明確知道把貨物安全地運(yùn)到目的地所需要的包裝。

Packing should be made according to the requirement of transportation. In most cases, the seller knows clearly the particular type of packing required for transporting the goods safely to destination.

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