2019年10自學(xué)考試00015《英語(二)》串講(六)

附加疑問句有下列幾種形式：

(1)肯定陳述句+否定附加成分(附加成分除極為正式場合或老式英語中都要用縮略形式)

You sure get to see things differently,don’t you?

You’ve heard the news,haven’t you?

(2)否定的陳述句+肯定附加成分

Peter doesn’t smoke,does he?

The party won’t start until seven,will it?

10.附加疑問句的幾點(diǎn)特殊用法(1)凡是帶有no,none,no one,nobody,nothing,hardly,seldom,rarely,never,barely,few,little,neither等否定詞的陳述句，都應(yīng)看作否定陳述句，后面接肯定附加成分。

She seldom leaves the room in winter,does she?

People rarely go that far to that small village,do they?(2)當(dāng)陳述句的主語everybody,everyone,someone,somebody,anyone,nobody,no one,neither,none時(shí)，附加成分中的代詞一般用they。

Everyone at the party had a good time,didn’t they?

Neither of them said a word,did they?

(3)陳述部分是there引導(dǎo)的存在句時(shí)，附加成分由助動(dòng)詞或be的一種形式+there構(gòu)成。

There is something wrong with the child,isn’t there?

There is nobody in the room,is there?

(4)陳述部分是肯定的I’m...結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加成分為aren’t I。

I’m the doctor ,aren’t I?

I’m late,aren’t I?

(在老式或極為正式的英語中用：I am late,am I not?)

(5)陳述部分是一個(gè)帶有that從句作賓語的主從結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加成分應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。

You think(that) I did it,don’t you?

He didn’t say Mary would come,did he?

注意：當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是I think,I suppose,I believe等時(shí)，附加成分往往與that從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系，但要注意I don’t think等結(jié)構(gòu)對從句的否定用法。

I suppose you are here to study,aren’t you?

I don’t think he came here just to say goodbye,did he?

I believe you are in urgent need of help,aren’t you?

如果想核實(shí)對方的看法是否與你一致，附加部分則與主句相應(yīng)。

I think he’s the best person for the job,don’t you?

(6)在祈使句后加一個(gè)附加疑問成分可緩和語氣，附加成分一般用will you和would you，但也可用won’t you或can’t you。

Open the window,would you?

Give me a hand,won’t you?

(7)Let’s 型祈使句中附加成分用shall we。

Let’s go for a walk,shall we?

Let’s get down to work,shall we?

(8)陳述部分帶有used to時(shí)，附加成分用did形式，偶爾用used to形式。

He used to smoke fifty cigarettes a day ,didn’t he?

有的語法書將used not縮略式定為usedn’t to，這是老式的用法，現(xiàn)在很少有人使用。